FM - Digital Transformation

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AI & Cybersecurity – connection, impacts, way ahead
(Pro Universitaria Publishing House, 2024-07-16) Sarcea (Manea), Oana Alexandra
Artificial intelligence (AI) and cybersecurity have a strong connection and impact each other in different ways. An overview is related to the following categories: detection and prevention, automated response, adversarial AI, data protection, risk assessment, privacy concerns. Looking ahead, the linkage between AI and cybersecurity will continue to evolve. Key areas of focus include: development of AI-driven security solutions, ethical AI-use, enhanced threat intelligence, human-machine collaboration. Overall, AI holds tremendous potential to revolutionize cybersecurity, but it also presents new challenges that must be addressed to ensure a secure and resilient digital environment. The relationship between AI and cybersecurity is multifaceted. AI technologies are increasingly being employed both to enhance cybersecurity defenses and to facilitate cyberattacks. In addition to the above key points, is to mention the cybersecurity skills gap: with the growing complexity of cyber threats, there is a shortage of skilled cybersecurity professionals. AI technologies can help bridge this gap by automating routine tasks and augmenting the capabilities of existing security teams. Behavioral analysis is another important element: AI-powered systems can analyze user and network behavior to identify anomalies that may indicate a security breach. By understanding typical behavior, AI can detect deviations that might signal an attack. Overall, the relationship between AI and cybersecurity is complex and evolving. While AI offers significant opportunities to enhance cybersecurity defenses, it also presents new challenges and risks that must be addressed. Ongoing research and development are essential to stay ahead of emerging threats in this rapidly evolving landscape.
Artificial Intelligence in modern policing : understanding the multifaceted impacts
(Hungarian Association of Police Science, 2024) Ioan, Alexandru
This article comprehensively examines the multifaceted impact of artificial intelligence (AI) on modern law enforcement, considering stakeholders, societal implications, and results analysis. In an era of rapid AI advancement, law enforcement increasingly leverages AI for enhanced operational efficiency, public safety, and addressing challenges. The paper begins with predictive policing, using machine learning to analyze historical crime data and predict hotspots, exploring its impact on stakeholders and societal implications. The role of AI in investigative processes, particularly facial recognition aiding suspect identification and forensics, is assessed with attention to privacy, accuracy, and transparency. AI's role in digital forensics and cybercrime detection is discussed, emphasizing stakeholder involvement, ethical concerns, and the balance between privacy and security. Integration of AI in police operations and resource management is examined, focusing on AI-driven decision-making, optimized patrols, resource allocation, and emergency responses.
Bibliometric analysis regarding knowledge strategies in intelligence structures
(De Gruyter, 2023-07-14) Budeanu, Nicolae Alexandru
This paper aims to present a literature review focusing the linkages between the knowledge strategies domain and intelligence structures area. Considering the fact that knowledge is one of the most important strategic resources of an organization and the fact that intelligence structures play a key role in the national security field, the possibility of implementing the knowledge strategies concepts in the intelligence field should be researched accordingly. The methodology used for this research is the bibliometric analysis conducted using the specialized software VOSViewer, based on the co-occurrence between certain words and expressions from article title, abstracts and keywords. The databases needed for this research were retrieved from Scopus core collection, using the following expressions: ”knowledge strategies”, ”knowledge management – knowledge strategies”, ”intelligence organizations”, ”intelligence structures”, ”intelligence organizations – knowledge”, ”knowledge – intelligence structures”, ”knowledge strategies – intelligence”, ”knowledge management – knowledge strategies – intelligence” and ”knowledge management – intelligence organizations”. The result of these bibliometric analyses demonstrates that, based on the publications indexed in Scopus core collection, there is no research published regarding the opportunity and possibility of implementing knowledge strategies concepts in the intelligence structure vision. The contribution of this research constitutes the fact that this is the first bibliometric analysis of the literature concerning the possbile connections between knowledge strategies and intelligence structures.
Cybersecurity challenges in the knowledge economy
(Sciendo, 2022-08-08) Ursache, Vlad-Mihai
The paper aims to study cybersecurity correlations with the knowledge economy, focusing on its challenges in this new age of economy. The relevance of the cybersecurity concept is sustained by the academic literature that shows its important role in the business environment, where disruptive changes will become the norm. In the digital age, the disruptions are happening frequently, which gives organisations less time to manage the change and the fact that they are almost constrained to develop new strategies to answer the challenges of the changing business environment. The knowledge economy has evolved, and with that, new concepts began to appear out of necessity and the need to secure the dynamic environment of knowledge management systems. Considering the unprecedented access to information and advancements in conducting academic research, in the present landscape of the knowledge economy and cybersecurity domain, new methods are available to structure and examine a body of literature. The text mining and scientific mapping analysis conducted with VOSviewer software version 1.6.18 is allowing us to identify meaningful insights about the knowledge economy concept, such as the (1) existing research gaps, at least on cybersecurity challenges in the knowledge economy, and the (2) the research interests seen for the time period between 2019 and 2021. To achieve this, a database derived from the Web of Science's Core Collection has been used, and the text mining based on term co-occurrence analysis contributed to a deeper understanding of current and future workspace dynamics.
Digitalization as a factor in reducing poverty and its implications in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic
(MDPI, 2022-08-26) Spulbar, Cristi; Anghel, Lucian Claudiu; Birău, Ramona; Ermiș, Simona Ioana; Treapăt, Laurențiu Mihai; Mitroi, Adrian
In the present economic context, one of the most important topics of discussion is that regarding sustainable development. According to the agenda developed by the United Nations, one of the most important objectives for the present decade is represented by the list of the Sustainable Development Goals. The Sustainable Development Goals can be divided into five pillars: people, planet, prosperity, partnership and peace. One of the first stipulated goals of the UN agenda is the eradication of poverty and famine. We consider that a significant influence on the eradication of poverty is represented by the development of technology. In this paper, the authors aim to establish a connection between the rate of technological development and the poverty headcount rate. To measure the digital development of the analyzed countries, we decided to compose an index of digital development by taking into account indicators made available by the International Telecommunication Union and the poverty headcount ratio, as was calculated by the World Bank database. This empirical study is of interest for the implications that it has in shaping governmental policies regarding easing the access to digital technology. The method used to quantify the influence of digital development on poverty was the panel data GMM vector autoregressive model for a dataset composed of 35 countries for the period between 2005 and 2018. The results indicate that an increase in digital development will lead to a reduction in the poverty headcount rate. These results imply that by increasing access to technology, countries could help reduce their level of poverty. In this paper, we will also analyze the way in which adopting digital development leads to better economic performance when faced with the COVID-19 pandemic. The results of the present study are of great interest to the scientific community and the public due to the implications of digital development in the field of economics and the combined effect of this phenomenon and the COVID-19 pandemic. We thus conclude that by encouraging digital development and through adopting new technologies, the government can lead to the eradication of poverty. This seems counterintuitive due to the fact that investment in shelter and primary goods can be seen as one of the primary ways of developing the economy. We conclude that better and more consistent results regarding the reduction of poverty can be obtained by increasing the digital development of a country.
Give or buy contexts and internet experience as a factor differentiating of readiness to provide different types of personal data in m-commerce
(Entrepreneurship and Sustainability Center, 2021-06-30) Wozniak, Jacek; Zbuchea, Alexandra
Studies show that privacy concerns are an important factor in m-commerce and m-buyers are often not ready to disclose private data to m-shops. An e-questionnaire survey was used to gather opinions in three groups – ca. 160 Poles, ca.160 Ukrainians and ca.130 Romanians, to study decisions of potential consumers concerning disclosure of personal data when downloading paid or free mobile applications in 3 different contexts: downloading an attractive app to their smartphone as a gift, as a promo purchase, or from a well-known brand. The study showed that different kinds of personal data have different fragility levels. The e-mail had the lowest level of concern, postal address a medium level, and ID and credit card numbers the highest. Context was also shown to change the kind of data respondents are willing to exchange for an attractive app. When the measure of internet experience was subjective to the length of internet use, people with higher internet experience were not found to be more unlikely to download an attractive app to their smartphone, if a condition of downloading it was providing personal identification data, in comparison with persons with low internet experience. When internet experience was measured by social norms (living in a country with a higher e-readiness index), persons with higher experience levels were less likely to download apps requiring the provision of personal data. The text ends with recommendations and suggestions for further research.
Implementation of Knowledge Management in Intelligence Agencies: a VOSviewer bibliometric analysis
(„Ovidius” University of Constanta, Faculty of Economic Sciences, 2024) Budeanu, Nicolae Alexandru
This article is based on a literature review regarding the possible connections between knowledge management and intelligence domain. Although intelligence has got, over time, a large variety of interpretations, such as business intelligence, competitive intelligence or national security intelligence, in this research the term intelligence is used to describe the knowledge required by the decision makers and leaders of a country in order to act for achieving the social, economic, political and military stability. The methodology used for conducting this research is based on the capabilities of the specialized software VOSviewer, respectively the bibliometric analysis with the co-occurrence of certain keywords, which emphasizes the correlation of certain fields. Also, the data needed for this research was exported from Web of science core collection and Scopus, the two largest bibliographic databases in the world. The results showed that the knowledge management and intelligence domain were not researched together.
Industry 4.0 and the impact of technology on the future of work : a qualitative approach to the IT jobs
(The Centre for European Studies, 2022-11) Moldoveanu, Ion
Scientific research leads the scientific progress based on which information technology (I.T.) professionals drive technology changes, impacting our daily life, business, and work models. The same inventions are impacting the work of the software developers, the ones responsible for building this technology. While I.T professionals are building new tools for automation used in the industry, the work of I.T. professionals is significantly impacted by the tools they build. Paying heed to these considerations, the paper intends to bring forward qualitative research based on semi-structured interviews with 18 I.T. professionals. The research purpose is to scrutinize to what extent the workers in the software development industry are aware of the transformations happening in their profession, how they see the future of their jobs and how they prepare for that future. The I.T. engineers taking part in the interviews see the impact of technology in changing their work models, making them more productive rather than a threat to their jobs. They also understand the importance of continuous learning, keeping up with technological changes and soft skills.
Knowledge dynamics for smart leaders and smart cities
(2023-10-23) Camară, Andreea Bianca
The studies in the current literature bring to our attention important knowledge as the intangible resource that can dictate the development direction of some institutions or companies at a critical moment. Thus, the application of knowledge management in the decision-making process is increasingly important. But is the knowledge sufficient to face a complex environment, determined by infinite and changing characteristics in directions that are increasingly difficult to anticipate? In such a context, in addition to knowledge management, our specific way of thinking and the way we perceive and use knowledge is the prime reason for failure or success in negotiations, business, management, administration, or governance. The dynamism and speed of movement of things in the current era influence our every field of activity, in such a context the main factor that determines certain people, businesses, or management styles to be more successful than others is the way of thinking. Successful people think smart and use effective strategies to achieve their outcomes. In order to face the current challenges, leaders and managers must find out-of-the-box solutions, and make connections and causal maps that will not only help them overcome the current situation but offer them a sustainable recovery and management of the company's resources and human capital. Such a system involves not only strategic thinking and dynamic thinking. Current studies show that Dynamic Thinking skills enable you to trace your issue or challenge as a trajectory of performance over time. The trajectory should have a historical segment, a current state, and one or more future paths. Dynamic Thinking thus puts a current situation in the context of where you came from and where you are going. Thus, in the present context, dynamic thinking is the main element and the main characteristic of the development and application of a sustainable system of strategic thinking The present article's purpose is to highlight how dynamic thinking applied at the managerial level causes leaders to turn to innovative ideas for solving problems and building a smart management system.
Looking into the antecedents of the transformation of IT jobs : a country-based perspective
(Faculty of Management (SNSPA), 2022) Moldoveanu, Ion
Technology is changing at an exponential rate. As a result, it does have a disruptive life on society and our lives. It changes our personal lives, socialization, and interaction with people and businesses. Technology has changed and does continue to change the way we work. Along with the four industrial revolutions, many jobs have disappeared, more jobs have been created, and almost every job was transformed by automation. The 4th industrial revolution leading to Industry 4.0 is powered by artificial intelligence, robotics, Internet of things. The Information Technology (IT) industry and IT professionals primarily drive this transformation. While information technology specialists contribute with the technology they build to change their world, technology is transforming the profession responsible for this transformation. The paper looks at how digital transformation impacts the transformation of IT jobs, how government policies and managerial strategies impact the transformation of IT jobs and how employees and organizations are responding with investment in skills development. The research relies on a questionnaire-based survey with 132 Romanian IT professionals, students and computer science professors representing small and large organizations. Seven out of the nine hypotheses were supported by the data, confirming that digital transformation impacts the transformation of jobs, particularly IT jobs, and that this drives the need to build new technical and soft skills.
Managing the Impact of Digital Transformation on the Future of Jobs.A Sectoral Approach. A Semi-Systematic Literature Review
(Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Faculty of Management, 2022) Moldoveanu, Ion
The future of work is discussed in academic literature and reports starting with 2014. Various studies have identified artificial intelligence, robots, big data, globalization, population pressures, and changed demographic profiles as the main drivers for change in the future of jobs. Also, international organizations did comprehensive analyses of the professions' rapid technology changes. In contrast to the number of consultancy documents, there are not numerous scientific articles on the topic of the future of work. Research performed on the reputable scientific databases return a much larger number of scientific articles on the broader topic of Industry 4.0 (I4.0), including several systematic literature reviews, with 31 scientific articles on the topic. Still, the specific goal of this review is to explore the impact of job automation on the IT professions in Romania's IT industry. Consequently, the present paper is designed as a semi-systematic literature review, building on over one hundred papers written on the topic of Industry 4.0, studies that were done on the particular subject of the future of work, research papers done on the IT industry, and available studies on the IT industry in Romania. The findings are analyzed via various criteria which are meant to provide an accurate image of the state-of-the-art on the topic of interest.
Mapping organizational performance using digital technologies
(Sciendo, 2024-07-03) Sarcea (Manea), Oana Alexandra; Zbuchea, Alexandra; Pînzaru, Florina
The present article studies the importance of new technologies connected with today’s business environment. From small businesses to corporations, companies are adapting to new high-tech solutions to increase efficiency, productivity, and customer engagement. The increasing use of artificial intelligence, automation, and other digital media is changing the way businesses are conducted. One of the most significant advantages of technology in business is efficiency. Process automation and the use of advanced software can help companies to reduce costs and to optimize their operations. Technology can also improve the quality of products and services through the use of digital testing and quality control tools. Technological innovations such as artificial intelligence, blockchain, and the Internet of Things have made process automation possible and given companies new ways to manage their operations and expand their businesses. The authors highlighted the latest literature related to the analyzed fields, and at the same time, VOSviewer was used as a reinforcement and literature’ tool for the chosen keywords.
National security intelligence and business intelligence : a comparative analysis
(Bucharest University of Economic Studies, 2023-05) Brătianu, Constantin; Budeanu, Nicolae Alexandru
Being one of the most important assets in governmental organizations and private companies, intelligence became a subject of interest for both researchers and practitioners in the last decades. In the literature, the concept of “intelligence” has got many meanings and interpretations, like psychological intelligence, emotional intelligence, spiritual intelligence, social intelligence, organizational intelligence, business intelligence, competitive intelligence, and national security intelligence. The core meaning of all these different specialized concepts remains the same: the capacity of processing data, information, and knowledge. Their differences come from the context in which these processes operates and the mission of the organizational structures which perform these specific processes. Business intelligence and competitive intelligence are characteristics of private companies, while national security intelligence is characteristic for the state-owned institutions. This paper aims to present a comparative analysis between business intelligence and national security intelligence based on a critical literature review and adopting a knowledge management perspective. The value of the present paper comes from the semantic tool used in our comparative analysis and the perspective of knowledge management adopted.
Pondering digitalization : an exploratory study on organizational capitalization of digital media for disclosing CSR
(Faculty of Management (SNSPA), 2022) Dinu, Elena; Ciuciuc, Victor Emanuel; Moldoveanu, Ion; Stoica, Valentin
The goal of this study had as a premise a perceived gap of knowledge regarding the use of digital media and platforms by Romanian organizations with the purpose to disclose corporate social responsibility (CSR) information. In the context of the ever-increasing digitalization process, the research aimed to explore the current situation within the organizational setting to provide evidence on the type of media and content used and with a view to identifying possible trends. To objectively assess the situation, the study employed models developed by various researchers to measure CSR disclosure on corporate websites, Facebook and Twitter accounts. The results of the study indicate that the selected Romanian companies make limited use of online media for the purpose to reveal CSR. They rather prefer corporate websites and Facebook accounts to communicate such information to stakeholders, while Twitter is rarely utilized. The findings point to the fact that education and social development are the areas of CSR where Romanian companies mostly contribute, but, at the same time, they signal that the advantages and advances availed by systemic digitalization are yet to be properly exploited against the backdrop of CSR disclosure.
Sustainable management of IT enterprises
(Springer, 2021-01-05) Pînzaru, Florina; Wereda, Wioletta; Moldoveanu, Ion; Ciuciuc, Victor Emanuel
Digital technologies and sustainability could be understood from a superficial point of view as mutually exclusive. One is driven by the Internet of Things, Artificial Intelligence (AI) and robotics, focusing on a constant increasing efficiency, while the other is driven by the public opinion’s expectations for a fair development in respect to environmental, social and economic factors. Apparently, two paradigms collide at present: the one of the digital transformation meant to innovate business models in order to satisfy a continuously growing demand of products and services, and the one of addressing social and environmental challenges. In reality, the two concepts are mutually reinforcing, as digital tools can and should be used in the framework of sustainable business approaches and the catalyzer of the digital transformation, the IT industry, could become the promoter of sustainable management using new technologies. We explore in this paper the perception of sustainability by Romanian IT managers and their orientation towards sustainable management approaches, considering the economic, social, environmental and technological dimensions. The results present a heterogeneous landscape dominated by economic and political conditionality, with a strong orientation towards education in the sector as a source of sufficient workforce, leaving room to further discussions on how the industry considered to be the source of all current disruptions could become the engine of future sustainable business models.
The differences between competitive intelligence, business intelligence and national security intelligence : a bibliometric analysis
(Tritonic, 2023-10-27) Budeanu, Nicolae Alexandru
The concept of “intelligence” represents an important subject for researchers, being developed, over time, in many categories, such as business intelligence, competitive intelligence and national security intelligence. Even so, those meanings basically refer to the same capacity of processing data, information, and knowledge, their differences coming from their area of expertise. Given so, national security intelligence is associated with the state institutions, while business intelligence and competitive intelligence are associated with private companies. National security intelligence represents the capacity of the leaders of a country to process the significant data, information and knowledge for the security of that country, from all possible perspectives. For achieving this performance, each country has its own intelligence structures that must collect data and information, analyze and transform them into valuable knowledge for the decision-makers. The methods and means used for conducting the specific activities by these intelligence structures are mainly secret and classified. This paper represents a literature review regarding the possible links and connections between national security intelligence, business intelligence and competitive intelligence, aiming at discovering the possible similarities between these concepts. To achieve this goal, we used the bibliometric analysis conducted with the specialized software VOSViewer. This analysis was focused on the co-occurrence procedure using words and expressions from article title, abstracts and keywords. The databases used for this paper were retrieved from Web of Science core collection, using the following expressions for searching:”business intelligence – competitive intelligence”,”business intelligence - national security” and ”competitive intelligence - national security”. The results showed that there are not any publications that approach the differences between business intelligence, competitive intelligence and national security intelligence.
The impact of business intelligence and competitive intelligence in management : a bibliometric analysis
(World Wide Journals, 2024-01) Budeanu, Nicolae Alexandru
The research in management field from the last decades showed that both knowledge and intelligence are considered as some of the most important assets which help business organizations achieve the competitive advantage in a certain market. In our current times, determined by uncertainty and ambiguity, leaders and managers are in a constant need of valuable and timely information that is required for taking the most desirable decision for the company. Given so, researchers and practitioners developed certain tools and activities in order to achieve the information necessary to decision making process, from both inside and outside the company, known as business intelligence and competitive intelligence. Therefore, this article contains a literature review about the connections between business intelligence, competitive intelligence, on one hand, and management, on the other hand. Using the specialized software VOSviewer, this research presents the bibliometric analysis based on the co-occurrences of certain keywords, which demonstrates the inter-correlation of some specific research fields. The data examined using VOSviewer was retrieved from Web of Science core collection, the world`s largest bibliographic database for scientific research.
The impact of knowledge vulnerabilities on knowledge risks
(Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Faculty of Management, 2024-03) Brătianu, Constantin; Bejinaru, Ruxandra; Ursache, Vlad-Mihai
The purpose of this paper is to explore the impact of knowledge vulnerabilities on knowledge risks and to analyse their intricate connections within the knowledge management systems. It is a new topic in knowledge management which is requested by the accelerated process of digitalization and the exponential development of the AI programs. There is a lack of research in this area and efforts should be made to bridge the knowledge gap. The method we use is based on a critical analysis of knowledge vulnerabilities and knowledge risks within a generic organization and of designing tree-diagrams able to illustrate the connections between them, and the possible adverse consequences for the firm’s performance. The method of tree diagrams has been extensively used in risk analysis of the complex technological systems of airplanes and nuclear reactors. Also, it is used in the risk management applied to other domains like climate change and earthquakes. It is the first paper to investigate these phenomena and to conceptualize such kind of diagrams.
Up-skilling and re-skilling for digital agriculture in Romanian big crop farms : exploratory considerations
(Tritonic, 2022) Markovits, Paul Ștefan
The purpose of this paper is to elevate the interest in the academic, professional and policy making circles to the need of a large-scale re-skilling and up-skilling effort for the management and the workforce in the Romanian farms in light of the large-scale deployment of the Agriculture 4.0 technologies. The Romanian agricultural sector is a major contributor to the EU agricultural output and the aim of such an effort would be to secure and enhance its competitiveness by future proofing the performance and sustainability of the Romanian farms in the context of yield growth imperative, sustainable exploitation of land and water resources and efficient and fast decision making enabled by digitalization. A review of the most influential papers and the bibliometric mapping (using VOSviewer) of Web of Science articles on digital agriculture was enriched with several expert interviews with executives involved in the deployment of digital technologies to Romanian farmers. The literature review illustrated that like in the case of Industry 4.0, Agriculture 4.0 requires training and deployment of new skills. Expert interviews added extra perspectives coming from practitioners and highlighted the fact that these new skills are needed at all levels of work happening in the farm. The digitalization of the agriculture is a structural change that will happen even if adoption rates seem still slow and it will affect all actors in the farm from owners/managers to operators giving a very important role to agricultural experts, engineers, and financial planners. It is the hope of this article to bring an academic support to the conversation about the skills needed for Agriculture 4.0 and induce operationalization of large scale grassroot activities needed for the migration of today’s agricultural practitioners to digital technologies.

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