Age as an important predictor for digital health literacy: Cross-sectional evidence of internet users from an international multisite study in North America and EU countries

Abstract

This study investigates digital health literacy across North America and Europe to understand the sociodemographic factors influencing eHealth literacy, specifically the role of age. This international, multi-site population employed a convenience sample across nine countries (N = 1,314) between April 2020–2021, presenting significant insights and recommendations for eHealth transformations. Using the eHealth Literacy Scale, a validated self-rated instrument, respondents in North America showed higher (t1641 = 2.18, p-value = .03) eHealth literacy than those in Europe. Respondents from the UK showed the highest scores (34.48 ± 5.45), and those from Spain – the lowest (29.50 ± 6.40). Age had a significant (f4,1292 = 3.73, p-value <.01) impact on the eHEALS scores, whereby respondents aged 50+ years reported higher eHealth literacy than younger respondents. Interaction effects of age*gender and age*employment predicted the highest eHealth literacy among adults aged 50+ years. Our findings reveal high eHEALS scores, suggesting that internet users in North America and Europe are confident in their ability to find and assess eHealth information. The coronavirus pandemic could have led to older people using mobile communication technologies for health purposes and becoming more confident in using digital tools. Offer diverse technology-based learning opportunities for older adults who want to learn about new technologies so that they have better access to their eHealth information.