Republic of Moldova: The Challenges of a Periphery’s Shifting Identity, from the Russian Federation’s Sphere of Influence to EU Accession

Abstract

In this chapter, Moldova’s EU path is analysed from a historiographical perspective, emphasizing recent developments. A hypothesis about the political elite’s view of Moldova’s irreversible EU accession process was explored in nine structured interviews with political leaders. The discussion revolved around seven core elements, including their perception of the EU and the impact of Russia’s invasion of Ukraine on Moldova–EU relations. The analysis reveals that Moldova’s intensified EU relations result largely from shifting regional contexts rather than being driven by internal political elites. For Moldova, the EU is seen as a peace guarantor and internal policy standard. While the EU alignment appears irreversible, reservations exist about the pace of reform during EU negotiations, particularly if the government changes. Overall, internal political determination is key to overcoming Moldova’s peripheral EU status.